Free tuition would be enshrined in a permanent Scottish constitution, a new independence paper has said.
Ministers have announced a raft of policy considerations on how the education would be run under independence as part of the 12th prospectus paper in the Building a New Scotland series.
While education is a devolved issue, Education Secretary Jenny Gilruth said independence would give Scotland the full powers to improve on the outcomes of children.
Alongside protecting free university tuition in a permanent constitution, the paper proposes enhancements to the length and level of paid maternity leave.
It could also see the current statutory two-week leave and pay provision for partners extended as well as providing additional weeks of shared parental leave taken at the end of the 52-week maternity period.
Independence would also see Scotland look to rejoin the EU, with that presenting opportunities to participate in exchange programmes such as Erasmus.
It would also see 16 and 17-year-olds given voting rights in every election covered by Scottish legislation.
Ms Gilruth also argued independence would give Scotland “full powers” to tackle child poverty, such as scrapping the two-child benefit limit, as set out in a previous social security paper.
She said: “Our education system shows why making decisions in Scotland, for Scotland, is better for people who live here.
“Since 1999, we have been able to take choices to improve opportunities for our young people – including abolishing tuition fees, expanding free school meals and investing in transformational early learning and childcare.
“But the outcomes for our children and young people continue to be harmed by decisions taken by the UK Government – particularly in terms of social security cuts, which are impacting children and families the most.
“Independence puts the full powers to tackle child poverty in Scotland’s hands, and would allow us to build on existing policies.”
She added: “As we have already set out, we would enshrine economic, social and cultural rights – including the right to education – in the interim constitution, effective from day one of independence.
“The Scottish Government would propose that our policy on free university tuition is enshrined in the permanent constitution of an independent Scotland, subject to the deliberations of the constitutional convention.
“Independence would put significant economic and legislative levers in Scotland’s hands and give future Scottish Governments a range of opportunities to do things differently on a range of key issues, like children’s rights, tackling child poverty, reserved childcare support schemes and parental leave.
“This paper sets out just some of the opportunities open to future independent Scottish Governments to build a successful and thriving Scotland.
“It shows the potential that can be unlocked for our children, young people and families – the best start in life in a fair and prosperous independent nation.”
Scottish Conservative chairman Craig Hoy MSP said: “It is appalling that hard-pressed Scots are still footing the bill for SNP propaganda papers that lack any credibility and which nobody reads.
“The public want and expect SNP ministers to focus on Scotland’s real priorities – improving our ailing public services and growing the economy – rather than obsessing once again over breaking up the UK.
“The SNP should be fixing the mess they’ve made of Scotland’s education system now, rather than worrying about what it would be like in an independent Scotland.”